Calendar of the Jewish people according to the context of the New Testament

     Dates in the New Testament is sometimes calculated by referring to the governments of non-Jews. The most typical example is Luke 3:1, where the beginning of the ministry of John the Baptist was given the date is not only 'in the 15th year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar (ie 27 years until 28 AD according to the calculations used the Seleucid era that preceded it, in which year reign new mildew seen in September/October), but also pointed to figures which ruled at that time, the secular or not, in Judea and in neighboring areas. Compare the calendar that points to the emperor in August (Luke 2:1), and Claudius (the story of the Apostles: 23), provincial land guardian Quirinius (Luke 2:2) and Gallic (Acts 18:12), and Herod, king of the nation Jews (Matthew 2:1 ; Luke 1:5). 

     But the biggest part of the New Testament writers measure time in terms commonly used in the calendar (or calendars) Jewish. They pointed at the feast of the Jews and to other sacred events. This is specifically mentioned in the Fourth Gospel (Easter, New Year's, Booths, Feast of Ordination altar, Passover and Unleavened Bread, Pentecost, the day of fasting or atonement. In between the days of the week, the Sabbath is often referred to in Luke 6:1 many Jewish texts by "sabbato deuteroproto" (first to second Sabbath), which probably is a technical term, which means it is now unknown. Indonesian translation only call 'on a Sabbath day'. Friday is 'preparation day', meaning' the day before the 'Sabbath', Passover preparation day 'means' Friday of Easter weekend'. 'The first day of the week' finds new meaning because that day is the day of resurrection; compare stories about the resurrection in Gospels ). 

     In general, New Testament times the Jewish calendar (at least before the year 70 BCE) following the calculation of the Sadducees, for the Temple services were regulated according to the calculations. Then the day of Pentecost is calculated as the fiftieth day after offering the first fruits is clear, that the fiftieth day (inclusive) was calculated from the first Sunday after Passover (cf. Leviticus 23:15); because it always falls on the day of Pentecost Sunday, as in the Christian resurrection. Calculation of the Pharisees, which became standard after AD 70, interpreted 'sabbath' in Leviticus 23:15 as the Feast of Unleavened Bread, not the weekly Sabbath; in that Pentecost always falls on the same day of the month (a view that important for those who think of Pentecost as a gift marking the anniversary of the Torah), but not on the same day in the week . Even more important than small differences in the area of dating that exist between the Sadducees and the Pharisees on the one hand and those on the other hand , following the calendar 'heretic', known from the Book of Jubilees , which now also known from the literature of Qumran. If Jesus and his disciples follow the lunar 'heretic' is, it can explain why they were celebrating Easter before he was arrested, was great priests and their followers celebrate Easter only after the crucifixion of Christ (John 18:28 ).

 (main sources: the Bible Encyclopedia CONTEMPORARY, seventh printing in July 2002)